Mybatis
Mybatis 是一个半ORM(Object Relation Mapping)框架,需要手动编写 SQL。
生命周期
- 创建 SqlSessionFactory(单例)
- SqlSessionFactory 创建 SqlSession(非线程安全,生命周期为一次请求或一个方法)
- SqlSession 获取 Mapper(生命周期在 SqlSession 事务方法内,一般控制在方法级)
- 执行 SQL
- 提交,关闭 Session
在 Mybatis 中如何写 like 语句
%${question}%
:有 SQL 注入风险,不推荐"%"#{quesion}"%"
:#{...}
解析成 SQL 语句时,会自动在变量外侧添加单引号,因此该写法必须使用双引号包裹%
。CONCAT('%', #{question}, '%')
:推荐写法
延迟加载
获取生成的主键
设置keyProperty
:
<insert id="insert" useGeneratedKeys="true" keyProperty="userId" >
insert into user(
user_name, user_password, create_time)
values(#{userName}, #{userPassword} , #{createTime, jdbcType= TIMESTAMP})
</insert>
然后:
mapper.insert(user);
String id = user.getUserId();
动态 SQL
if:
<select id="findActiveBlogWithTitleLike"
resultType="Blog">
SELECT * FROM BLOG
WHERE state = ‘ACTIVE’
<if test="title != null">
AND title like #{title}
</if>
</select>
choose:
<select id="findActiveBlogLike"
resultType="Blog">
SELECT * FROM BLOG WHERE state = ‘ACTIVE’
<choose>
<when test="title != null">
AND title like #{title}
</when>
<when test="author != null and author.name != null">
AND author_name like #{author.name}
</when>
<otherwise>
AND featured = 1
</otherwise>
</choose>
</select>
where:
<select id="findActiveBlogLike"
resultType="Blog">
SELECT * FROM BLOG
<where>
<if test="state != null">
state = #{state}
</if>
<if test="title != null">
AND title like #{title}
</if>
<if test="author != null and author.name != null">
AND author_name like #{author.name}
</if>
</where>
</select>
set:
<update id="updateAuthorIfNecessary">
update Author
<set>
<if test="username != null">username=#{username},</if>
<if test="password != null">password=#{password},</if>
<if test="email != null">email=#{email},</if>
<if test="bio != null">bio=#{bio}</if>
</set>
where id=#{id}
</update>
foreach:
<select id="selectPostIn" resultType="domain.blog.Post">
SELECT *
FROM POST P
<where>
<foreach item="item" index="index" collection="list"
open="ID in (" separator="," close=")" nullable="true">
#{item}
</foreach>
</where>
</select>
缓存
- 一级缓存:基于 PerpetualCache 的没有容量限定的 HashMap 缓存,存储作用域为 SqlSession。当 Session flush 或 close 后,缓存清空。MyBatis 默认打开一级缓存,增删改操作会导致缓存失效。一级缓存无法自定义
- 二级缓存:机制相同,存储作用域为 Mapper,可以在多个 SqlSession 之间共享,并且可以自定义存储源,如 Ehcache。清除策略包括:LRU、FIFO、SOFT、WEAK
- 自定义缓存,必须实现
org.apache.ibatis.cache.Cache
接口,然后在 Mapper 文件里配置使用自定义的缓存对象。